Some solutions to respond climate change for the Mekong Delta, Viet Nam

In the recent decades, the Mekong River Delta has suffered quite significant impacts of climate change. Fluctuations of weather elements and sea level rises have caused adverse changes, namely: the appearance of unusual high and low levels of annual floods, more and more intense storms, more severe droughts, forest fires, river erosion, cyclones, and tidal surges appear increasingly more dangerous. Traditional adaptation measures to the environmental conditions may be unsuitable in the context of climate change in the Mekong River Delta. This paper summarizes some of the new adaptation measures that scientists and policy planners have proposed for the area to cope with the negative impacts of climate change

Water supply status in rural areas of the Mekong delta and development measures

Rural people in the Mekong Delta (MD) use surface water from rivers and canals for daily activities; and in areas far from the canals, people use rainwater for cooking and drinking. In certain areas, people use shallow layered groundwater and deep layered groundwater from drilled wells 80m – 100m deep. The quality of water used in daily activities of rural people is almost uncontrolled. Somewhere water supply systems are used, but they have been built over many periods, certain ones for over 50 years ago, thus having a lot of damage and many deposits, causing loss of pressure and huge loss of water. The issue of repairing, replacing and installing more water supply networks in urban areas is facing lots of financial, technical difficulties

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

Effect of Climate Change on Water Resources in Mekong Delta- Vietnam.

Abstract The Mekong Delta is located at the end of the Mekong River downstream, right before the river discharges itself into the East Sea and partly into the Gulf of Thailand. This is a low and flat land, with an average elevation of 1-2 m above sea level and deposited by the silt of the Mekong River. As the coastal delta located at the lower part of a system of rivers which has big valley (Mekong River) and is vulnerable to the climate change, Mekong Delta is evaluated as suffering from most of main consequences of the climate change, namely: - The consequences of the sea level rise from the sea side are big waves along with the coast, big flows in rivers and the river mouths, reduced land due to inundation and saltwater intrusion to the inland. - Consequences due to the weather fluctuation in the valley, and the most dangerous consequence is the flood and drought.. The double pressure of the climate change may cause to reduce or totally lose innate advantages on the land/water resources and the natural ecosystem of the Mekong Delta. This study focuses on the following issues: 1. Identify the impacts of the climate change to the change of the water resource in Mekong Delta 2. Identify the possibilities of ensuring the water resource to the sustainable development of Mekong Delta 3. Predicted main issues in the Mekong Delta; Orientation for management and use of water resources in the Mekong Delta; 4. Propose appropriate solutions to adapt the climate change for appropriate exploitation and use of the water resource in Mekong Delta. Selection of pollution mitigation & treatment models appropriate to specific conditions in Mekong Delta flooded areas.Abstract The Mekong Delta is located at the end of the Mekong River downstream, right before the river discharges itself into the East Sea and partly into the Gulf of Thailand. This is a low and flat land, with an average elevation of 1-2 m above sea level and deposited by the silt of the Mekong River. As the coastal delta located at the lower part of a system of rivers which has big valley (Mekong River) and is vulnerable to the climate change, Mekong Delta is evaluated as suffering from most of main consequences of the climate change, namely: - The consequences of the sea level rise from the sea side are big waves along with the coast, big flows in rivers and the river mouths, reduced land due to inundation and saltwater intrusion to the inland. - Consequences due to the weather fluctuation in the valley, and the most dangerous consequence is the flood and drought.. The double pressure of the climate change may cause to reduce or totally lose innate advantages on the land/water resources and the natural ecosystem of the Mekong Delta. This study focuses on the following issues: 1. Identify the impacts of the climate change to the change of the water resource in Mekong Delta 2. Identify the possibilities of ensuring the water resource to the sustainable development of Mekong Delta 3. Predicted main issues in the Mekong Delta; Orientation for management and use of water resources in the Mekong Delta; 4. Propose appropriate solutions to adapt the climate change for appropriate exploitation and use of the water resource in Mekong Delta. Selection of pollution mitigation & treatment models appropriate to specific conditions in Mekong Delta flooded areas.546 - Katedra environmentálního inženýrstvívyhově

A Model of Clean Water Supply and Improvement of Enviromental Sanitary Conditions in Residential Clusters in The Mekong Delta, Vietnam

In accordance with Decision 99/TTg dated 9/2/1996 and Decision 173/TTg dated 6/11/2001 of the Prime Minister regarding the construction program of residential clusters (residential flood free areas), these residential areas as constructed would be fully equipped with critical infrastructures and services such as water supply and drainage works, toilets with sanitary appropriateness, etc. to ensure environmental sanitary conditions in the residential clusters. However, the actual surveys done in residential clusters in the Mekong Delta show that many arising problems must be addressed to enable the local communities to have better living conditions and ensure the sanitary conditions and environmental safety

SOME SOLUTIONS TO RESPOND CLIMATE CHANGE FOR THE MEKONG DELTA, VIET NAM

In the recent decades, the Mekong River Delta has suffered quite significant impacts of climate change. Fluctuations of weather elements and sea level rises have caused adverse changes, namely: the appearance of unusual high and low levels of annual floods, more and more intense storms, more severe droughts, forest fires, river erosion, cyclones, and tidal surges appear increasingly more dangerous. Traditional adaptation measures to the environmental conditions may be unsuitable in the context of climate change in the Mekong River Delta. This paper summarizes some of the new adaptation measures that scientists and policy planners have proposed for the area to cope with the negative impacts of climate change

Rozwiązania w zakresie kontroli, zapobiegania i redukcji zanieczyszczeń w działalności parków przemysłowych w mieście Ho Chi Minh, Wietnam

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam has a rapid growth rate, with an open economy with cooperation with many countries around the world, concentrating many industrial parks and export processing zones along with infrastructure development projects, industrial production services related to transportation, communication, water supply and environmental protection, resource exploitation, production and processing of consumer goods and exports. Along with the rapid industrialization and modernization process in Ho Chi Minh City, according to which environmental quality is increasingly reduced, in which the most significant effect is water resources, particularly water sources of rivers and canals. In recent years, there have been many studies related to the quality of surface water sources in Ho Chi Minh City, but there haven't been studies to assess the impacts, affecting the quality of surface water sources due to activities of industrial parks in the City. This study was conducted to assess surface water quality by analyzing the current status of surface water quality in areas related to the operation of industrial parks in Ho Chi Minh City. Thereby assessing the impact on the water quality and proposing solutions to control and prevent pollution due to the operation of industrial parks.Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) w Wietnamie charakteryzuje się szybkim tempem wzrostu, otwartą gospodarką i współpracą z wieloma krajami, skupiając wiele parków przemysłowych i stref przetwórstwa eksportowego wraz z projektami rozwoju infrastruktury przemysłowej, usługi produkcyjne związane z transportem, komunikacją, zaopatrzeniem w wodę i ochroną środowiska, eksploatacją zasobów, produkcją i przetwarzaniem dóbr konsumpcyjnych oraz eksportem. Wraz z szybkim procesem industrializacji i modernizacji w Ho Chi Minh City coraz bardziej obniża się jakość środowiska, w którym najważniejszym czynnikiem są zasoby wodne, zwłaszcza wodne źródła rzek i kanałów. W ostatnich latach przeprowadzono wiele badań dotyczących jakości wód powierzchniowych w Ho Chi Minh City, ale nie przeprowadzono badań oceniających oddziaływanie wpływające na jakość źródeł wód powierzchniowych z powodu działalność parków przemysłowych w mieście. Badania przeprowadzono w celu oceny jakości wód powierzchniowych poprzez analizę aktualnego stanu wód, zbadano jakość wód powierzchniowych na obszarach związanych z funkcjonowaniem parków przemysłowych w Ho Chi Minh City. W ten sposób oceniono wpływ czynników na jakość wody i proponowano rozwiązania w zakresie kontroli i zapobiegania zanieczyszczeniom wynikającym z funkcjonowania parków przemysłowych.Web of Science22857

Fabrication of copper nanoparticles/diatomite nanocomposite by irradiation method for antibacterial application

Natural diatomite (DA) contains over 63% silica was chemically modified by amine groups of the coupling agent - 3-amino propyl triethoxysilane before deposition of Cu2+ ions. The mixture of Cu2+/DA in chitosan stabilizer at 1% was irradiated by electron beam for reduction of Cu2+ ions to Cu0, and then aggregation into copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) fixing to the interior walls of porous DA forming nanocomposite – CuNPs/DA. Characterizations of copper nanoparticles were determined by UV-Vis spectra, Transmission Electron Micrography images, Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X ray diffraction patterns and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area. The antibacterial activities of CuNPs/DA samples corresponding to the content of CuNPs on DA were confirmed by testing paper disk diffusion and MIC against Edwardsiella ictaluri bacteria, a pathogenous agent for Tra catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)

Water Supply Status in Rural Areas of the Mekong Delta and Development Measures

Rural people in the Mekong Delta (MD) use surface water from rivers and canals for daily activities; and in areas far from the canals, people use rainwater for cooking and drinking. In certain areas, people use shallow layered groundwater and deep layered groundwater from drilled wells 80m – 100m deep. The quality of water used in daily activities of rural people is almost uncontrolled. Somewhere water supply systems are used, but they have been built over many periods, certain ones for over 50 years ago, thus having a lot of damage and many deposits, causing loss of pressure and huge loss of water. The issue of repairing, replacing and installing more water supply networks in urban areas is facing lots of financial, technical difficulties

The Prospects of Rainwater Harvesting in the Ho Chi Minh City

Wisely using natural water resources to serve human needs plays a decisive role in ensuring water and food security. In the natural water cycle, rainwater is considered as a valuable renewable resource. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) for daily life and production is a simple but effective and also environmentally sound measure. It is also a positive solution in a climate change adaptation strategy. However, this resource is being wasted in our country in general and in the HCM City in particular. This paper provides an overview of the status of rainwater use in the world; the general situation, the potential of rainwater collection and a number of issues related to the potential of rainwater harvesting in the city. Some solutions to enhance the use of rainwater and improve water supply for city residents are also suggested in this discussion